Laparoscopic Myomectomy | Fibroid In Uterus

What is a fibroid in the uterus?

Uterine fibroids are cancers that arise from the cells that make up the uterus’s muscle (womb). Uterine fibroids, also known as leiomyoma or uterine myoma, are benign tumors that develop on the uterine wall and push into the bladder, bowel, or intestine.

Fibroids are non-cancerous (benign) tumors that grow from the muscle layers of the uterus (womb) –  They are also known as uterine fibroids, myomas, or fibromyomas. The singular of uterine fibroids is Uterine Fibroma. Fibroids are growths of smooth muscle and fibrous tissue. Fibroids can vary in size, from that of a bean to as large as a melon.

Fibroids hit at least 20% of all women at any point in their lives. Fibroids are most prevalent in women between the ages of 30 and 50. People who are overweight or obese have a considerably greater chance of contracting fibroids than women who are of normal weight.

Leiomyosarcoma of the womb is a malignant(cancerous) development on the smooth muscles within the womb. This is, however, exceedingly unusual.

The Four types of fibroids are:

1. Intramural –These are located in the wall of the uterus. These are the most common types of fibroid.
2. Subserosal fibroids – These are located outside the wall of the uterus. They can develop into pedunculated fibroids (stalks). Subserosal fibroids can become quite large.
3. Submucosal fibroids – These are located in the muscle beneath the lining of the uterus wall.
4. Cervical fibroids – These are located in the neck of the womb (the cervix).

Symptoms of uterine fibroids

The majority of women have no signs or symptoms. That is why the majority of people with fibroids are totally ignorant of their condition. When signs do occur, they can include the following:

• Anemia(as a result of heavy periods)
• Backache
• Constipation
• Discomfort in the lower abdomen (especially if fibroids are large)
• Frequent urination
• Heavy painful periods
• Pain in the legs
• Painful sex
• Swelling in the lower abdomen (especially if fibroids are large)

Other possible symptoms of uterine fibroids include: 

• Labor problems
• Pregnancy problems
• Fertility problems
• Repeated miscarriages.

Diagnosis of fibroids

In certain cases, fibroid signs are not apparent, and the woman is unaware that she has them. The bulk of the time, it is found through a genital inspection.

A fibroid will also be identified with an ultrasound scan.

• Ultrasound – An ultrasound scan may be used by the doctor if he believes fibroids are present. Ultrasound will also rule out other disorders that present with related symptoms. When a patient’s periods are heavy and blood samples are negative, ultrasound scans are done.
• Trans-vaginal scan – To examine the uterus closely, a small scanner is inserted into the patient’s vaginal canal.
• Hysteroscopy – This is a handheld telescope used to explore the uterus’s interior. If required, a biopsy of the uterine lining may be taken during this process (womb).
• laparoscopy – Laparoscopy is a portable instrument that helps the practitioner to view the position and form of the uterus from the outside. A thin flexible instrument with a camera at its apex is a laparoscope. It is used for both diagnostic as well as therapeutic purposes.
• Biopsy – A small sample of the uterine lining is removed and examined under a microscope.

Treatment Options-

Most people with uterine fibroids have no symptoms at all, or just mildly bothersome symptoms that they can cope with. If that’s the case, calmly waiting may be your best bet. Fibroids do not cause cancer. They occasionally cause complications during pregnancy. They normally develop slowly, if at all, and shrink after menopause, as reproductive hormone levels decrease.

Medications

Medications for uterine fibroids relieve complications including excessive menstrual bleeding and pelvic pain through targeting hormones that control the menstrual cycle. They don’t get rid of fibroids, so they do make them shrink. Medications include the following:

• Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (Gn-RH) agonists.
• Progestin-releasing intrauterine device (IUD)
• Other medications – For example, oral contraceptives or progestins can help control menstrual bleeding, but they don’t reduce fibroid size. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)

Minimally invasive procedures-  3D Laparoscopic myomectomy

Not all surgeons are qualified in laparoscopic surgery; extracting uterine fibroids with laparoscopic myomectomy involves additional preparation due to the limited scale of the incisions. Fibroids with a stalk fixed to the exterior of the uterus are the easiest to extract laparoscopically (pedunculated fibroids).

Laparoscopic myomectomy is a surgical operation that extracts uterine fibroids while allowing the uterus to begin to develop normally. It’s cutting-edge fibroid reduction technology.

Laparoscopic myomectomy is a secure and efficient operation that removes fibroids while leaving the uterus intact. The treatment is typically helpful for women who want to get pregnant because it raises the likelihood of becoming pregnant. The surgery’s aim is to remove the fibroids that are causing the symptoms and rebuild the uterus. This procedure is dependent on the size of the fibroid, the number of fibroids, and their position.

Laparoscopic myomectomy is a minimally invasive surgical technique for removing uterine fibroids. The doctor makes some small holes around the navel and sticks a laparoscope into the abdomen during this operation. A laparoscope (long, narrow tube) with a camera attached allows the doctor to inspect the uterus’ internal structures. The doctor sticks a surgical instrument into another opening to extract the fibroids. Fibroids are cut into small pieces, which are removed through the uterus. Laparoscopic myomectomy has a variety of benefits, including reduced bleeding, less discomfort, and a quicker return to daily activities.

The updated version of laparoscopic myomectomy treats intramural fibroids as well as subserous fibroids. It’s getting more common in patients who are unable to conceive.

Following myomectomy surgery, the abortion rate fell dramatically from 41% to 19%. (Buttram VC, 1981)

Most patients may experience relief from symptoms and a progressive improvement in infertility following a laparoscopic myomectomy. Hospital stay is dependent on the protocol. Discharge is usually the same day as the treatment, but a day in the hospital may be needed in some cases. Depending on the technique used, recovery will take anywhere from one to six weeks. Patients must obey the physician’s instructions, medications, lifestyle, and diet in order to prevent complications. Patients must adhere to the doctor’s suggested follow-up schedule. If patients have any post-surgical complications or have questions about the treatment, they may call a gynecologist or a health clinic.